
| Enterprise | Seat of | Sales Mio | |
|---|---|---|---|
| the Head | US Dollar | ||
| 1 | Nestlé | Ch | 13.500 |
| 2 | Kraft (Philip Morris) | USA | 8.000 |
| 3 | Dairy Farmers of America | USA | 6.900 |
| 4 | Danone | F | 5.800 |
| 5 | Friesland Coberco Dairy Food | NL | 5.500 |
| 6 | Besnier | F | 5.100 |
| 7 | Snow Brand Milk Products | J | 5.000 |
| 8 | Campina Melkunie/MKW | NL | 4.800 |
| 9 | Bongrain | F | 4.600 |
| 10 | Meji Milk Products | J | 4.000 |
| Food | milligram calcium |
|---|---|
| A glass of skim milk | 300 |
| A cup of low fat Yogurt | 415 |
| Kale | very rich in calcium |
| Tofu | high content of calcium |
| Age group | Amount of calcium to consume |
|---|---|
| daily, in milligrams (mg) | |
| 0-6 months | 400 mg |
| 6-12 months | 600 mg |
| 1-5 years | 800 mg |
| 6-10 years | 1,200 mg |
| 11-24 years | 1,200-1,500 mg |
| 19-50 years | 1,000 mg |
| 51-70+ years | 1,500 mg |
| Microorganism | used in |
|---|---|
| Lactic acid bacteria | cottage cheese, fresh cheese |
| Propionic acid bacteria | Emmental cheese, Appenzeller cheese |
| Yellow- and red cultures | Münster cheese, Romadur cheese |
| Pennicillium camemberti (white) | Camembert cheese and brie |
| Pennicillium roqueforti ( blue/green) | Roquefort, Gorgonzola |
| Biogenic amines | found as | mg/Kg | Cheese |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tyramine | Tyramine | 86 | Camembert |
| Tryptamine | Tyramine | 180 | Brie |
| Cadaverine | Tyramine | 225 | Emmentaler |
| Putrescine | Tyramine | 72 - 1.416 | Cheddar |
| Phenylethylamine | 2.000 - 4.000 | Cheddar | |
| Histamine | up to 2.300 | Roquefort | |
| Food | Carnitine |
|---|---|
| mg in 100g | |
| mutton | 210 |
| beef | 70 |
| pork | 30 |
| tomato | 2.9 |
| pear | 2.7 |
| pea | 1.2 |
| potato | 0 |
| carrot | 0 |
Brian Fink from the University of North Carolina states, write in another publication, that his team found that the breath-cancer mortality in postmenopausal women may be reduced in association with high levels of dietary flavones and isoflavones. No reduction of risk was found in premenopausal women.
| Alaria | Laminaria | Laminaria | Himanthalia | Palmaria | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| esculenta | saccharina | digitata | elongata | palmata | |
| Protein | 15% | 9 | 11 | 9 | 18 |
| Fat | 1% | 0,5 | 1 | 0,5 | 2 |
| Carbohydrates | 45% | 60 | 45 | 60 | 48 |
| Vitamin C | 300ppm | 15 | 15 | 2.000 | 200 |
| Calcium | 10.000ppm | 9.000 | 13.000 | 9.000 | 5.000 |
| Iodine | 170ppm | 2.000 | 2.500 | 2.000 | 300 |
| Iron | 100ppm | 30 | 60 | 30 | 200 |
| Magnesium | 9.000ppm | 6.000 | 7.000 | 6.000 | 3.000 |
| Manganese | 1ppm | 10 | 8 | 8 | 100 |
| Sodium | 4,5% | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 |
| Alaria | Laminaria | Laminaria | Himanthalia | Palmaria | |
| esculenta | saccharina | digitata | elongata | palmata |
| Chondrus | Porphyra | Ulva | Enteromorpha | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| crispus | umbilicalis | lactuca | intestinalis | |
| Protein | 15% | 20 | 20 | 14 |
| Fat | 2% | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Carbohydrates | 60% | 60 | 44 | 45 |
| Vitamin C | 20ppm | 500 | 150 | 80 |
| Calcium | 10.000ppm | 5.000 | 7.000 | 8.500 |
| Iodine | 200ppm | 300 | 200 | 50 |
| Iron | 200ppm | 200 | 1.000 | 150 |
| Magnesium | 7.000ppm | 3.000 | 28.000 | 25.000 |
| Manganese | 10ppm | 40 | 300 | 8 |
| Sodium | 2% | 2 | 1 | 8 |
| Potassium | 3% | 0,7 | 0,5 | |
| Chondrus | Porphyra | Ulva | Enteromorpha | |
| crispus | umbilicalis | lactuca | intestinalis |
| Oil/fat | Total sterols gramm in 100 g oil/fat |
|---|---|
| Palmkernel oil | 0,08 |
| Palm oil | 0,04 |
| Olive oil | 0,11 |
| Peanut oil | 0,24 |
| Rapeseed oil | 0,62 |
| Cotton oil | 0,43 |
| Corn oil | 0,85 |
| Soybean oil | 0,34 |
| Sunflower oil | 0,35 |
| Linseed oil | 0,43 |
| Oil/fat | cholesterol | brasicasterol | campesterol | stigmasterol | sitosterol |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Palmkernel oil | 1 | - | 12 | 13 | 74 |
| Palm oil | 4 | - | 21 | 12 | 63 |
| Olive oil | - | - | 3 | - | 97 |
| Peanut oil | 1 | - | 12 | 12 | 76 |
| Rapeseed oil | - | 10 | 27 | - | 63 |
| Cotton oil | - | 1 | 8 | - | 91 |
| Corn oil | - | - | 20 | 6 | 74 |
| Soybean oil | - | - | 19 | 24 | 57 |
| Sunflower oil | - | - | 11 | 8 | 62* |
| Linseed oil | 2 | 2 | 28 | 10 | 54* |
| Tocopherol isomer | Biological activity of alpha tocopherol |
| beta tocopherol | 30% |
| Gamma tocopherol | 15% |
| delta tocopherol | 1% |
| Oil or fat | Total tocopherol | alpha tocopherol | beta | gamma | delta |
| Coconut oil | 80 | 36 | - | 47 | - |
| Maize oil | 1020 | 126 | - | 894 | - |
| Cottonseed oil | 1100 | 760 | - | 340 | - |
| Olive oil | 200 | - | - | - | - |
| Palmoil | 460 | 150 | - | 240 | 70 |
| Soybean oil | 1140 | 80 | - | 660 | 400 |
| Sunflower oil | 595 | 560 | - | 35 | - |
| Wheatgerm oil | 3800 | - | - | - | - |
| Tallow | 10 | - | - | - | - |
| Lard | 27 | - | - | - | - |
| Butter | 30 | - | - | - | - |
| Group | Subgroup | Plant | Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| Legumen | |||
| Soya | Glycine max (L.) Merill | ||
| Peanut | Arachis hypogaea | ||
| Oil lupine | Lupinus albus | ||
| Erucic acid plants | |||
| Rape group | |||
| Rape | Brassica napus L. oleifera | ||
| Rape of India | Brassica napus L. dichotoma | ||
| Sarson, Colza India | Brassica napus. glauca | ||
| Ravison,Colza | Brassica campestris) | ||
| Mustard group | |||
| White mustard | Sinapis alba | ||
| Other rape seed crops | |||
| Camelina sativa | |||
| Rocket | Eruca vesicaria sativa | ||
| OIl radish | Raphanus sativus | ||
| Flax plants | |||
| Linseed oil | Linum usitatissimum | ||
| Mallow | |||
| Cottonseed oil | Gossypium hirsutum | ||
| Other oil plants | |||
| Oilseeds | |||
| Maize | Zea mays | ||
| Rice | Oryza sativa | ||
| Wheat | Triticum ssp | ||
| Sunflower | Helianthus annuus | ||
| Safflower | Carthamus tinctorius | ||
| Wine | Vitis vinifera | ||
| Palm tree | |||
| Oil palm | Elaeis guineensis | ||
| Coco palm | Cocos nucifera | ||
| Olive tree | Olea europaea | ||
| Babassu palm | Orbignia speciosa L. |
| Group | Oil or fat | Animal | Name |
| Land animals | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Lard | pigs | Sus domesticus | |
| tallow | bovine | Bos taurus | |
| Mutton fat | Mutton | Ovis aries | |
| Goose fat | Goose | Anser domesticus | |
| Marine animals | |||
| Mamals | Whale | ||
| Seals | |||
| Fish | Herring | Clupea harengus | |
| Sardine | Sardinops caerulea | ||
| Sardine of Peru | Clupeapilchardus | ||
| Atlantic menhaden | Brevoortia tyrannus |
| EtOH | TA | CA | CA/Ta | L-LA | D-LA | AA | SA |
| 0,1 | 16,9 | 17,9 | 1,06 | 0,8 | 1,3 | 0,4 | 2,5 |
| 0,1 | 17,3 | 16,2 | 0,94 | 0,9 | 0,6 | 0,5 | 2,0 |
| 0,1 | 16,6 | 16,6 | 1,00 | 0,5 | 0,4 | 0,6 | 1,5 |
| 0,1 | 18,5 | 19,7 | 1,06 | 1,1 | 0,9 | 0,4 | 2,4 |
| 0,1 | 19,5 | 19,7 | 1,01 | 0,6 | 0,7 | 0,6 | 1,9 |
| 0,1 | 19,4 | 20,6 | 1,06 | 0,5 | 0,3 | 0,3 | 1,1 |
| 0,1 | 19,6 | 17,4 | 0,89 | 0,3 | 0,3 | 0,9 | 1,6 |
| 0,1 | 16,9 | 17,2 | 1,02 | 0,6 | 0,3 | 0,5 | 1,4 |
| 0,1 | 17,4 | 16,4 | 0,94 | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,5 | 0,7 |
| EtOH | Ethanol |
| TA | Total acids as citric acid |
| CA | Citric acid |
| L-LA | L-lactic acid |
| D-LA | D-lactic acid |
| AA | acetic acid |
| SA | Sum of L-lactic acid, D-lactic acid and acetic acid. |
| All numbers are g/Kg |
| EtOH | TA | CA | CA/Ta | L-LA | D-LA | AA | SA |
| 4,39 | 15,0 | 9,3 | 0,62 | 5,7 | 3,6 | 2,2 | 11,6 |
| 0,87 | 24,2 | 18,6 | 0,77 | 4,6 | 3,7 | 4,2 | 12,5 |
| 2,28 | 24,4 | 16,0 | 0,66 | 8,1 | 4,0 | 3,1 | 15,2 |
| 0,68 | 18,1 | 10,4 | 0,57 | 3,5 | 5,4 | 2,8 | 11,7 |
| 0,1 | 17,4 | 8,3 | 0,48 | 4,7 | 3,4 | 2,7 | 10,7 |
| 4,57 | 17,6 | 13,6 | 0,77 | 3,8 | 3,3 | 1,4 | 8,5 |
| 7,5 | 17,3 | 12,2 | 0,71 | 3,6 | 2,1 | 1,3 | 7,0 |
| 1,76 | 16,8 | 7,7 | 0,46 | 7,5 | 3,1 | 4,6 | 15,2 |
| 1,2 | 15,4 | 7,7 | 0,50 | 6,8 | 2,6 | 4,0 | 13,4 |
| 0,10 | 19,1 | 12.4 | 0,65 | 4,9 | 4,3 | 2,2 | 11,4 |
| 2,42 | 18,8 | 13,2 | 0,70 | 3,5 | 2,6 | 2,2 | 8,3 |
| 2,77 | 18,0 | 11,2 | 0,62 | 4,5 | 3,4 | 3,4 | 11,3 |
| 1,26 | 18,2 | 12,6 | 0,69 | 3,6 | 3,3 | 1,4 | 8,3 |
| 2,40 | 18,2 | 10,2 | 0,56 | 4,9 | 3,4 | 4,0 | 12,3 |
| 10,4 | 15,8 | 12,3 | 0,78 | 1,0 | 0,9 | 1,3 | 3,2 |
| 0,96 | 17,3 | 7,8 | 0,45 | 3,3 | 2,7 | 3,0 | 9,0 |
| 1,26 | 17,6 | 7,0 | 0,40 | 2,9 | 6,5 | 1,6 | 11,1 |
| Ethanol | is present |
| Relation citric acid/total acid | the relation in spoiled pulp is |
| between 0,4 and 0,9. Good pulp has | |
| a relation over 0,9 as citric | |
| acid is metabolized by spoiling bacteria. | |
| Sum of organic acids | The Sum of L-lactic acid, D-lactic acid |
| acetic acid over 3 g/Kg.These acids are | |
| formed during spoilage. |
| Tomatoes | 15,3 |
| Onions | 6,0 |
| Cucumber | 5,7 |
| Carrots | 5,5 |
| Mushrooms | 2,5 |
| Beans | 1,9 |
| Asparagus | 1,3 |
| Lipid fraction | with smell | without smell |
|---|---|---|
| Total cholesterol | decrease of 83 mg/dl | decrease of 58 mg/dl |
| HDL-cholesterol | increase of 18 mg/dl | increase of 10 mg/dl |
| LDL-cholesterol | decrease of 77 mg/dl | decrease of 51 mg/dl |
| Triglycerides | decrease of 163 mg/dl | decrease of 34 mg/dl |
| Source of selenium | Amount of selenium, microg/100g |
|---|---|
| Bread of German grain | 1 to 2 |
| Bread of Canadian grain | up to 60 |
| Ingredient | Healt claim | status |
|---|---|---|
| Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) | Health food | |
| CoQ10 | Health food | |
| Collage | Health food | |
| Ceramide | health food | |
| Pracenta | Health food | |
| Hyaluronic acid | Health food | |
| Isoflavones | Health food | |
| Carnitine | Health food | |
| Essential fatty acids (EPA, DHA, DPA) | Health food | |
| Tocotorienol | Health food | |
| Astaxanthin | Health food | |
| Creatine | Health food | |
| Green tea drink | Kirin, seasonal allergy | Healt Food |
| Soymilk | Kibu soy peptide, | Health food |
| energy boost | ||
| Plant lactic acid drink | Kagome lactic acid bacteria, | Health food |
| gastrointestinal health | ||
| Pucera cookies | Olio linolenic acid, | Health food |
| Ingredient | Healt claim | status |
| Healt claim | Ingredient | status |
|---|---|---|
| Gastrointestinal health | ||
| Oligosaccharides / Prebiotics | FOSHU | |
| Dietary fiber | FOSHU | |
| Lactic acid bacteria, probiotics | ||
| Lower cholesterol | ||
| Soy protein/ soy globulin | FOSHU | |
| Soy phospholipds (CSPHP) | FOSHU | |
| Low molecule alginic acid | FOSHU | |
| Plant sterol/stanol esters | FOSHU | |
| Lower hipertension | ||
| Gama-aminobutiric acid GABA | FOSHU | |
| Vinegar acid | FOSHU | |
| Lactololi-peptide | ||
| Eucommia leaf glycoside | FOSHU | |
| Wakame peptide, Undarine pinnatifida | FOSHU | |
| Marine peptide, sardine peptide | ||
| Lower blood glucose | ||
| Wheat albumin | FOSHU | |
| Guava Polyphenoles | FOSHU | |
| Indigestible dextrin | FOSHU | |
| Lower serum triglycerides | ||
| Diacylglycerol | FOSHU | |
| Plant sterol | FOSHU | |
| Medium chain fatty acid | FOSHU | |
| Globin protein enzyme disintegrated | FOSHU | |
| Green tea catechin | FOSHU | |
| EPA and DHA acid | FOSHU | |
| Better mineral absorption | ||
| Calcium,citric acid, malic acid (CCM) | FOSHU | |
| Casein phospho peptide (CPP) | FOSHU | |
| Heme-iron | FOSHU | |
| Improve dental health | ||
| Xylitol,phosphate-hydro calcium, funoran | FOSHU | |
| Phospho acid olygosaccharides calcium | FOSHU | |
| Recaldent (CPP-ACP) | FOSHU | |
| Improve bone health | ||
| Soy isoflavones | FOSHU | |
| Fructo Oligosccharides | FOSHU | |
| Vitamin K2 | FOSHU | |
| Milk Basic Protein | MBP | |
| Healt claim | Ingredient | status |
| Nutrient-relation to disease | Model claim |
| Fat and heart disease | Diets low in saturated fat and cholesterol |
| may reduce the risk of heart disease | |
| Calcium and Osteosporosis | Regular exercise and a healthy diet with |
| enough calcium helps teen and young | |
| adult white and Asian women maintain | |
| good bone health and may reduce | |
| their high risk of osteosporosis | |
| Sodium and hypertension | Diet low in sodium may reduce |
| the risk of blood pressure, a disease | |
| associated with many factors. | |
| Dietary fiber and heart disease | Low-fat diets rich in |
| fiber-contain grain products, fruits, | |
| and vegetables may reduce the | |
| risk of some types of cancer, | |
| disease associated with many factors. |
Vitamin B-complex group:
B1 (thiamine)
B2 (riboflavin)
B3 (niacin, niacinamide)
B4 (adenine)
B5 (pantothenic acid)
B6 (pyridoxine)
B10 also called Bx or PABA (para-aminobenzoic acid)
B11 (growth factors, vitamin B11
B12 (cobalamin, Cyanocobalamin)
B13 (orotic acid)
B15 (pangamic acid)
B17 (amygdalin)
Bc (folic acid)
Bt (carnitine) It is a non-essential aminoacid,
and is not a vitamin.
Choline
Inositol
C (ascorbic acid)
D (calciferol, viosterol, ergosterol)
E (tocopherol)
F (fatty acids)
Linoleic acid and linolenic acid were classified as vitamin F. Today this
classification is not being used any more. G (riboflavin)
H (biotin)
K (menadione)
L (necessary for lactation)
M (folic acid)
P (bioflavonoids)
Rutin, hesperidin, Citrin and other bioflavonoids were grouped under the
name of vitamin P. They are not vitamins in its deep meaning because it is
not possible to produce deficiency sympotms with bioflavonoid-free nutrition.
Pp (niacinamide)
P4 troxerutin
T (growth-promotion substances, termitin, torutinin)
Vitamin T was decribed by Goetsch in 1946. In 1955 it has been prooved that
vitamin T was a mixture of vitmamin B1, B2, B6, nicotinic acid, pantothenic
acid, folic acid, biotin, choline, para-aminobenzoic acid and small amounts of
vitamin B12.
Vitamin T was told to be responsible for building "giants" of ants and
soldiers among the termites whith great heads. Without vitamin T the termites
would retain a small head. The unspecific growth-promotion could not be
observed in human.[1384] U (extracted from cabbage
juice)
| Neurotransmitter | Source |
| Serotonin | Pasta, rice, potatoes, cereals (wholemeal), bread, nuts, |
| almonds, dates, figs, bananas, pineapple and chestnuts. | |
| Tyrosine and Phenylalanine | milk and milk products, Eggs, potatoes, rice, |
| soy, noodle, poultry, meat and fish, | |
| in aspartame and chocolate. | |
| Choline and acetylcholine | lecithin from soy,beer yeasts, soy, seeds, |
| nuts,wheat germs, vegetables, cereals (wholemeal), | |
| liver, eggs and cheese. | |
| Endorphin, enkephalin, | |
| neuropeptides | everything rich in carbohydrates like cereals, pasta, |
| honey,bananas, dried fruits, food rich in fat like | |
| nuts, cream, butter, cocoa and cheese.Chocolate and | |
| gum bears are therefore eaten during depressions. |
| Active compound | Source | activity |
| Lecithin | Soy beans, egg yolk, liver, milk | Concentration |
| Omega-3-fatty acid | Mackerel, herring, tuna, margarine | Concentration |
| Iron | Meat, eggs, crustaceans, cereals, carrots | Learning |
| Phenylalanin | Milk, eggs, potatoes, rice, soy beans, noodles | Learning |
| Zink | Cereals, almonds, oysters, carrots,oranges | Memory |
| Acetycholine | Egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables | Memory |
| Vitamin B1 | Avocados, bananas, nuts | Memory |
| Sulfides | Garlic, onions | Creativity |
| Nucleic acids | Germinating cereals, vegetables | Creativity |
| folic acid | Green leaf vegetables, cheese, meat | Creativity |
| Magnesium | Dried fruits, dates, wheat germs | Anti-stress |
| Pectin | Apples, quinces | Anti-stress |
| Vitamin B | Milk, egg yolk, mushroom, poultry | Anti-stress |
| Usual name of vegetable fat | Scientific name of the plants |
|---|---|
| 1. Illipe, Borneo tallow or Tengkawang | Shorea spp |
| 2. Palm-oil | Elaeis guineesis |
| Elaeis olifera | |
| 3. Sal | Shorea robusta |
| 4. Shea | Butyrospermum parkii |
| 5. Kokum gurki | Garcinia indica |
| 6. Mango kernel | Mangifera indica |